初中英语语法主谓一致

在初中的学习中，英语学科是重点，在考试中占了很大的分值比重，所以在平时的学习中，我们应该重视语法的学习，提高自己的学习能力，下面是学大的专家为大家总结的初中英语语法主谓一致。

主谓一致的基本原则

主谓一致有以下三条原则：

1)语法一致原则，即在语法形式上取得一致。例如，主语是单数形式，谓语动词也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式，谓语动词也采取复数形式。

例如：The students are very young.This picture looks beautiful.

2)意义一致原则，即从意义着眼处理一致关系。例如，主语形式虽是单数但意义是复数，谓语动词也采取复数形式;而有些主语形式虽是复数但意义上看作单数，谓语动词也采取单数形式。

1.The people in that country are fighting for independence.

2.The crowd deeply respect their leader.

3.Three years in a strange land seems a long time.

3)就近原则，即谓语动词的单数或复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。例如：

Neither he nor I am going to see the film tonight because we are busy.

2.主谓一致的用法

根据以上三条原则，主谓一致有如下用法：

1)下列结构作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式

a.表示时间、重量、长度、价值的名词作主语，谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如：

1.Two hundred miles is a long distance.

2.Ten dollars is a high price for that book.

b.由anyone，anything，anybody，no one，nothing，everyone，everybody，everything，someone，somebody，each，either，neither等不定代词作主语，谓语动词使用单数形式。例如：

1.Someone is knocking at the door.

2.Anything is better than going to the movie tonight.

c.由“a series of，a kind of，a portion of +名词”作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式。例如：

A series of debates is scheduled to be held next week.

d.由“many a，more than one +单数名词”作主语，尽管意义上表示复数，但谓语动词仍采用单数形式。例如：

Many a person in these circumstances has hoped for a long break.

There is more than one answer to your question.

e.“名词+and+名词”作主语，表示同一人、同一概念或事物时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：

A writer and educator is giving a lecture now.(这个人既是作家又是教育家)

f."either (neither) + of +复数名词(或代词)"作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：

1.If either of you takes a vacation now，we will not be able to finish the work.

2.Neither of them wants to come.

g.在each…and each…，every…and every…等结构之后，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：

Each man and each woman has the right to vote.

h.动词不定式、动名词或分句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如：

What I want to say is none of your business.

Listening to the classical music is enjoyable.

i.以-ics结尾的复数名词指一门学科时，如politics(政治学)，mathematics(数学)，statistics(统计学)，acoustics(声学)，linguistics(语言学)等，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：

Mathematics is what he majors in.

2)下列结构作主语，谓语动词单复数形式取决于of后的名词。

a.由“a11，none，no，most，half，the last，the rest，the remainder+of+名词”等不定代词作主语，谓语动词单复数形式由of后名词的单复数而定。例如：

None of the food is wasted.

None of the students were absent.

The rest of the lecture was dull.

The rest of the bikes were on sale yesterday.

b.由"lots of，heaps of，loads Of，scads of +名词”作主语，谓语动词单复数形式由of后名词的单复数而定。例如：

Lots of work is to be done this week.

Lots of people are going to swim this afternoon.

There is loads of milk on the farm.

There are loads of big red apples on the ground.

There is heaps of fun.

c.由“分数或百分数十of +名词或代词”作主语，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后名词或代词的单复数形式。例如：

Three-quarters of the area is cultivated.

Ninety percent of the students have passed the exam.

3)下列结构作主语，谓语动词的单复数形式根据意义而定。

a.由“the+形容词” 这种结构作主语，根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果表示一类人 (如the rich，the poor，the blind，the deaf，the sick，the young，the old)，谓语动词用复数形式;如果表示个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：

The blind are taught trades in special schools. (表示一类人)

The good in him overweighs the bad. (表示抽象概念)

The departed was a good friend of his. (表示个人)

b.family，crowd，committee，class，audience，group，government，team，public，majority，minority等集合名词作主语，谓语动词单复数形式应根据意义而定。例如：

The family like to listen to the music.(the family指这家人，用作复数)

The family is small.(the family指这个家庭，用作单数)

The committee has considered your proposal.(the committee指委员会，用作单数)

The committee were arguing for an hour before they gave their votes. (the committee指委员会的委员们，用作复数)

下列结构作主语，谓语动词一般单复数均可。

a. 以数词为名词词组中心词作主语时，谓语动词一般单复数均可。例如：

Five and six make/makes eleven.

Seven times ten are seventy.

但是：Twenty from thirty leaves ten.

Six sevens are forty-two.

b.由"one in/out of +名词”作主语，谓语动词单复数均可。例如：

One in ten were/was present.

下列结构作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。

由and或both…and连接两个单数形式的名词词组作主语时，一般谓语动词用复数形式。例如：

A girl and a boy want to go.

Both rice and wheat are grown in that country.

6)下列结构作主语，谓语动词单复数形式视具体情况而定。

a.由as well as，together with，besides, like，along with，with but，except，accompanied by，rather than，including连接两个名词作主语，谓语单复数形式应由连接词前的名词而定。例如：

The president of the college，together with the deans，is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations.

The young mother with her two children is coming now.

The plant manager，like many technicians，is experienced in designing new products.

b.“名词+of+名词”作主语，谓语动词单复数形式跟of前的名词一致。例如：

The picture of the children brings back many memories of my past experiences.

The effects of cigarette smoking have been proved to be extremely harmful.

c.由not only…but also，either…or，neither…nor或or连接的并列主语，通常根据就近一致原则，谓语动词的单复数形式由最接近它的名词词组的单复数形式决定。例如：

He or you have taken my pen.

Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.

One or two days are enough to visit the city.

d.there be句型中的谓语动词单复数形式一般取决于其后的真正主语的单复数形式。例如：

There is a garden in front of the house.

There are two things I'd like to say here.

同学们了解了初中英语语法主谓一致，在平时的学习中，重视语法和单词的学习，打好基础，重视习题的练习，这样我们的英语才能学好。